The Black-headed Gull is one of the most familiar small gulls across Europe, often seen in lively flocks along coasts, wetlands, and harbours. Despite its name, its “black head” is only present during the breeding season, giving way to a more subtle winter appearance that is still distinctive once you know what to look for. 

In breeding plumage, adults show a rich dark chocolate-brown hood (not truly black), paired with a bright red bill and red legs, giving them a striking and elegant look. During winter, the dark hood is lost and replaced by a white head with a single dark ear spot behind the eye.

The Black-headed Gull breeds widely across Europe and parts of Asia, migrating southwards during winter. Large numbers spend the colder months around the Mediterranean, including Malta.

It is commonly associated with wetlands, estuaries, saltpans, reservoirs, and coastal areas. In Malta, it is especially visible outside the breeding season, when flocks gather along harbours and shorelines.

During strong winds, feeding activity often increases close to shore, making coastal harbours some of the best places to observe this species. Valletta’s breakwater is particularly well known as an excellent viewing point, where birds often rest at close range.